Information About Twin Minaret Madrasah Erzurum
Twin Minaret Madrasah (Madrasah Hatuniye), is located in Erzurum in Turkey. It belongs to the Seljuk period. This historical monument has survived until today and has become the symbol of Erzurum province. It is visited by thousands of local and foreign tourists every year.
Historical
This historical building was built in 1253 by Hüdâvent Hatun, the daughter of Alaeddin Keykubad I, the Sultan of the Anatolian Seljukid Empire. It is also called as un Hatuniye Madrasa H because of Hüdâvent Hatun.
Location
In the city center of Erzurum; It is located in the area adjacent to Erzurum Grand Mosque, facing Erzurum Castle and Clock Tower.
Architectural features
The tomb is the largest of the tombs in Erzurum. The double minaret, each decorated with colorful tiles, 26 meters high, became the name of this historical monument. The courtyard has 2 floors, 4 iwans and has 37 rooms and a mosque. It is built on an area of 1.824 m² (38m x 48 m). Open courtyard madrasas in Anatolia is the largest example. The crown on the northern front is a work of art. There are two half-round buttresses with fountain niches rather than Taçkapı form. Today, the minarets of 16-grooved, turquoise colored inlaid bricks with partially damaged appearance are also remarkable. Cylindrical minarets rising from both sides of the crown were decorated with brick and mosaic tiles. Ar Allah,, iler Muhammad ve and ilk the first four great caliphs işlen were decorated with minarets decorated with tiles, and floral decorations, e dragon,, hayat eagle,, kart eagle motif motifs on the wicked panels are the most spectacular part of the façade. There are four reliefs on the right and left sides of the door, with two headed eagle panels on the right, and the double headed eagle panel, which is the first feature of the Double Minaret Madrasa architecture, is the most prominent element of the geometry ornaments on the column bodies in the courtyard and the front facades of the student rooms. In the crown door, there are floral ornaments on the surfaces of the arches connecting the columns of the courtyard and on the inside of the dome.The completed tree of life and the eagle motifs are thought to express power and immortality within the framework of Turkish belief in Central Asia rather than a rigging. There are nineteen rooms on the ground floor and eighteen rooms on the first floor. It is surrounded by porches in four directions. It is understood that the square space to the west of the entrance was once used as a masjid. The porches of the ground floor rest on thick pillars. Most of the columns are cylindrical and four of them are octagonal. The rooms are covered with barrel vaults. The second floor of the madrasah is designed as four independent groups among four iwans. It is not possible to move to another section without going down to the first floor. The cells (rooms) on the second floor are rectangular like the ones on the lower floor. It is made of crushed stones and covered with a barrel tone. The different shapes in the upper part of the lower floor doors are not available in the upper floor doors.
Destruction
Especially the entrance doors of the madrasah and the dome inside; The important and valuable pieces in the madrasah architecture were removed by the Russians during the Russian occupation of Erzurum and taken to Russia. In particular, the destruction of the side walls of the entrance door of the madrasah's top floor is an indication of the extent to which the work was damaged. In addition, in the upper floor of the Kümbet (in this section there are corners for each of the mihrabs of the period professors), a large and long interlocking hard marble chain was suspended from the ceiling. Only the ring attached to the top ceiling is in place. The tiles and carved stone motifs removed from this area are exhibited in the Leningrad Museum.
Repair
This masterpiece, which was reconstructed about eight centuries ago, was extensively repaired by the Ottoman Sultan IV. This historical monument is negatively affected by both earthquakes and other negative natural conditions in the region. Recently, in relation to partial slippage and surface wear; Comprehensive restoration works started in 2011 with state contributions are ongoing as of 2015.
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01/08/2019 
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