Information About Van Lake
Lake Van is a volcanic embankment lake formed by the closure of the tectonic depression area in the region as a result of the eruption of the Nemrut volcanic mountain within the boundaries of Bitlis province.
The area of Van Lake is 3,713 km2 with numerous bays. Lake Van is an aquatic ecosystem different from both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Its waters are salty and soda. The salinity of lake water is o19% and its pH is 9.8. So Van Lake does not freeze, despite high altitude and harsh winters. The lake water level rises and falls depending on the climate. However, on average, the altitude is 1646 meters. The average depth of the lake is 171 m and its deepest place is 451 m. It is determined that the age of the lake is 600.000 years. There are four islands in the eastern part of the lake. These; Akdamar, Multipurpose, Adır and Kuş islands. The islands have historical and touristic characteristics and were declared as Archaeological Site in 1990.
Lake Van is the world's largest soda lake is also the largest lake in Turkey. The salty-soda waters of the lake limit biological diversity. There are 103 species of phytoplankton, 36 species of zooplankton and a single species of pearl mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi). According to research conducted in 2015, there is 50 tons of Uranium in the lake with a market value of 7.5 billion dollars. The area around the lake is 430 km from land and 245 km of it is within the borders of Bitlis province. According to local people, a monster lives in the lake. Although it is said that the purpose of the rumors is to attract tourists to the region, many scientific research teams have carried out studies to investigate the rumors. It also connects Istanbul-Tehran railway lines. Turkey and Iran connected to the railway was built in 1970.
formation
Van Lake is located in the western part of the tectonic formation between the Eastern Taurus and Aladağ Mountains. There are several extinct volcanoes to the west and northwest of the lake. Mount Süphan and Mount Nemrut are some of these extinct volcanoes. About 200,000 years ago, in the middle of the Glacial Age, the lava flowing from the Nemrut Mountain created a flow of more than 60 km. When this flow prevented the water flow between the Van Pit and Muş Pit, a lake was formed. In today's surveys, as a result of erosion of the Eastern Taurus Mountains, it is thought that the waters of Lake Van will pour into the Tigris and the lake will shrink or disappear.
history
Called Thospitis Lacus or Arsissa Lacus by ancient Greek geographers, the modern name of Lake Van comes from the province of Van, where it belongs to its borders. The capital of the Urartian Kingdom was founded on the eastern shores of the lake between the 10th and 8th centuries BC. Remains of Armenian churches and monasteries can be found along the shores of Lake Van and on many islands. The best protected is the tenth century Holy Cross Church. It is located on Akdamar Island. It was built between 915 and 921 by King Gagik Artzruni. The reliefs on the outer walls offer stories from the holy book such as Adam and Eve, Jonah and the whale, David and Goliath. Another important historical monument is the Van Castle on the east bank of the lake. The modern city of Van is located to the east of this castle. The surface area is 3,713 km2. Its height above sea is 1.646m and it exceeds 457m. To the east of the lake are the islands of Akdamar, Kokanak, Adir and Kus. These islands are touristy. It was declared as a protected area.
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01/08/2019 
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