Diyarbakır Tourist Map With Attractions Visiting Places

Etymology

The city of Diyarbakır has been called with different names in different periods. In 200 BC, the name of the city is referred to as "Amid" or "Amidi" in a sword grip belonging to the Assyrian ruler Adad-Nirari. In the Roman and Byzantine sources, the city was named as "Amid, O'mid, Emit, Amide". Turcomans who came to the region in the 11th century called the city "Kara Amid" because of the black stones used in the buildings in the city. It was recorded as Diy Diyâru Bekr (ديار بكر) (home of the Bekr tribe) due to the "Bekr" (بکر) tribe that settled here during the sovereignty of Muslim Arabs. "Diyaru Bekr" later "Diyarbekir"; Until the last years of the Ottoman Empire was used as a region name. However, it is seen that the use of the name Amid used for the center was abandoned gradually after Diyar-i Bekr (Diyarbekir) became a province in 1867, and the name of Diyarbekir (Diyar-i Bekr) was used for the central starboard as well.

Diyarbekir's "Diyarbakir" studies are summarized in the June 1938 issue of the Turkish Language magazine. It started with a telegram sent to the Turkish Language Association after a language discussion on the night of 17 November 1937 when Atatürk crossed from Diyarbekir to Elâzığ by train. As a result of the studies, the name of the city was changed to Diyarbakır. The telegram sent to the Secretary General of the Turkish Language Association Ibrahim Necmi Dilmen is as follows.
    «Is there any etymology of the name of the city of Diyarbekir? In fact, the name of this city 'Copper hometown' meaning 'Diyarbakir' must be known and now known by this name. It is ordered that the Language Institute cooperate with the Historical Society in this respect and conduct historical and linguistic studies. It would be useful to invite İsmail Hakkı of Balıkesir to the working unit. I sincerely wish that the investigation will be carried out meticulously and if possible, the results will be reported following. »
    

Although there is no copper mining in the city, copper mining in the province is not widespread and not significant.

history

The history of Diyarbakır, which is in the transition region of Mesopotamia and Anatolian civilizations, dates back to ancient times. It is understood that the caves that existed in Diyarbakir and its environs during the chipped stone and Mesolithic periods were inhabited here. Remains from this age were found in the Hilar caves near Ergani on the Hassun Tigris River and its tributaries near Eğil-Silvan. The oldest village in the world was found during the Çayönü Hill excavations near the town of Ergani, 65 kilometers northwest of the city. Over time, people in Çayönü have moved from nomadism to settled village life, from hunting and gathering to food production.

In the city center, 3000 Hittite and Hurri-Mittani sovereignty was experienced. After the Hurri-Mitanians who continued to dominate until 1260 BC, Assyrians, Aramis, Urartians, Scythians, Medes, Persians, Macedonians, Seleucids, Parthians, Armenians, Romans, Sassanids, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Hamdanis, Mervanians, Seljuks, , Artuks, Eyyubids, Mongols, Akkoyunlu, Safavids and Ottomans dominated Diyarbakir.

During the reign of Assyrians, the city became the regional governor's center. Battles were fought between the Romans and the Parthians in the first and second centuries after the city. The city, which was dominated by the Romans, came under Byzantine rule after the collapse of the Roman Empire. During the Omar period, the Islamic army conquered Diyarbakir and its surroundings. Khalid bin Walid was the first Islamic commander to enter Diyarbakir. Diyarbakir was thus attached to the Islamic state as a province.

Between 869-899, the Şeyhiler Dynasty reigned in Diyarbakır and its vicinity, but Halifa Mütazıd put an end to this rule. Although Hamdânîs became dominant in the following years, Mervanis, who dominated the region in 990, reigned until 1096. Alparslan 1071 arrived in Diyarbakır a year before the Battle of Malazgirt. The Marwanis were subject to the Seljuks. After the death of Melikşah, the sovereignty in Diyarbakır passed to the Syrian Seljuks.

After the death of Sadr, one of the Turkish emirates, as governor of Amid in 1095, his brother İnal became the ruler of the city. Inal remained under the leadership of İnaloğulları Principality in 1098 with his name. After 1142, the vizier Nisanoğlu Müeyyedüddin and his successors ruled the city of Âmid semi-independently. At the request of Nureddin Muhammad, the ruler of Hasankeyf Artuqid of the Artuqid Principality, which was subject to the Ayyubids, the city of Amid was captured in 1183 by the Ayyubid and Artuqid forces under the command of Salahaddin Eyyubi. Saladin left the city to Nureddin Muhammad and the city became the capital of the Artukites of Hasankey. The settlement remained under the dominance of Hasankeyf Artuks until 1232 and was seized by Eyyubids on this date. The city, which was under the control of the Anatolian Seljuk State in 1241, entered the control of Meyyafakirin Bey between 1257-1259. The city was taken by the Ilkhanians in 1259 and returned to the Anatolian Seljuks. The city was left to the Artukites of Mardin in 1302 by the ruler of İlhanlı. He remained under Artuklu rule until 1394. During the Artukid period, there was an important population settlement of Turkmen origin in the city.

The settlement was looted by Timur in 1394 and left to Akkoyunlu by Timur in 1404. With the establishment of the state of Akkoyunlu was the capital of this state for a while. The city was captured by the Safavids in 1508.

Between 1508-1515, the struggle for this region continued between Anatolian Principalities and Mamluks Safavid states. The Ottoman ruler Yavuz Sultan Selim added Diyarbakır and the entire Southeastern Anatolia to the Ottoman rule under the command of Bıyıklı Mehmet Pasha on 15 September 1515.

Diyarbakir became the center of one of the important provinces during the Ottoman period and served as the base and barracks of the armies traveling east. Diyarbakır suffered greatly due to illness, fire and misery in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire, especially in the times of World War I; During the Republican era, a great and important zoning, social, cultural and economic movements lived. A new city was established after the 1950s; roads, hospitals, schools and modern buildings have grown and developed day by day. New city road, air and rail with four attached to one side of Turkey has become one of the important centers.