Balıkesir Tourist Map With Attractions Visiting Places







Balıkesir Tourist Map With Attractions Visiting Places



Balıkesir region, which is generally known as Misya and Karesi, has been under Roman, Byzantine, Anatolian Seljuk, Karesi Principality and Ottoman domination. The first jet base of the Turkish Armed Forces Air Force Command and the 9th Main Jet Base Command. It is located in Balıkesir.

The science of origin

Balıkesir takes its name from the old central district which is divided into two today. The former name of the province was Karesi and it became Balıkesir with the Decree No: 4248 dated 24 October 1926. There are various rumors about the origin of the word Balıkesir. The Roman Emperor Hadrianus was nicknamed Adriyanutere for hunting in an area he had around the city of Balıkesir. Then he built a castle here again. The name of this castle is known as Paleo Kastro. The name of Balıkesir is thought to come from this word Paleo Kastro 's meaning is Old Hisar. Some sources say that the word Balıkesir comes from Balak Hisar or Balık Hisar. Since the word balık fish şehir in the old Turkish means city, the meaning of Balık Balık Hisar Balık is Hisar city. However, there is no fortress or ruin in the city center of Balıkesir. Also located in the city of Balikesir Hisariçi Mahallesi. According to a rumor, the Persian ruler who flocked to the region comes from Honey-Kisra. According to some sources, it is stated that honey is derived from the word Bal-ı Kesr, which means honey. According to a new thesis, it comes from Bağıkesir. The fact that the most important agricultural activity in the city center was viniculture until the 17th century is confirmed from the Balıkesir kadi registers and land registers.

history

Surveys conducted in many mounds, caves and flat settlements throughout Balıkesir revealed that these lands were settled between 8000-3000 BC. 8 km from Havran. Remains from Paleolithic, Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods were found in İnboğazı caves. Babaköy (Başpınar) excavations, Yortan cemetery, on the Ayvalık Dikili road Kaymak Tepe ruins and settlements belonging to the Copper Age were found. The first mentioned city in this region is Agiros (Achiraus). After the collapse of the Anatolian Seljuk State, Karesi Principality was established in the region and then the region was taken over by the Ottoman Empire.

Ancient times

The name of the region where Balıkesir is located is Misya in ancient times. The Lydian meaning of this word is Beech Tree. The boundaries of the region have undergone various changes over time and are surrounded by the Marmara Sea in the north, the Dardanelles and the Aegean Sea in the west, the Atranos Stream in the east and Lydia in the south. From the Monk Mountain to the Dardanelles following the coast of the Sea of ​​Marmara, the section was called Small Misya and the rest was called Big Misya. Great Misya; Pergam (Pergamon), Adramitium (Edremit), Arjiza (Balya-Pazarköy), Assos (Behramkale), Teruvad (Truvada), Gargar, Antandos (Avcilar), Belodos (Dursunbey) and Adriyanatere (Balikesir) are the cities. Small Misya is Sizik (Belkız), Lampesac (Lapseki), Perkot (Bergoz), Abidus, Milotopolis (Mihaliç), Apoloni, Periyapos (Kara Biga), Pemaninos (Eski Manyas), Artemea (Gönen), Zeleya (Sarıköy), Artas (Erdek) and Panormos (Bandırma).

Between 3000-1200 BC, colonies of Pelasg and Leleg, which spoke different languages, were established in this region. The descendants of the Misyalis living in this region are also from the Pelasgl. When the Misyalis came to this region, they dominated Misya after defeating the Bithynians. They did not build a city because they like to live free.

In 1120 BC the Hittite king IV. During the reign of Tuthalya, Misya came under Hittite rule. Hittites used the name Assuva for the region. During the Trojan War that took place between the Achaeans and Troy in 1200 BC, the Misyalis with Khromis and the enci Ennomos at the beginning supported Troy and came under the sovereignty of Troy. After the collapse of Troy, Misya came under Lydian rule. In 546 BC, during the reign of Kiros the Great and his successors, Misya became a part of the Achaemenid Empire. Alexander the Great conquered Misya by winning the Battle of Granikos with the Achaemenid Empire around the Biga Stream in 334 BC. Since then, the people of Misya have gained a reputation as a mercenary. Even at that time, the Egyptian army even had the cavalry of Misya. After Alexander's death, the commanders fought each other. Lisimakus conquered Misya at the end of the war. He was killed by Seleucus Nikator I in the Battle of Korupedyon. Even though Misya came under the hands of Nikator, Fletairos of Paflagony, who worked under Lisimakus' command, conquered Bergama and dominated some of Misya. After Fletairos, his nephew Eumenes I passed. In 278 BC the Gauls came to Misya. After Eumenes I, Attalos I became the head of the Pergamon Kingdom and captured the rest of Misya. Under the sovereignty of the Pergamon Kingdom, Misya had a comfortable economic period. In 133 BC Misya, King of Pergamum III. With the will of Attalos, the Roman Empire became dominant.

Roman and Byzantine period

After Misya came under Roman rule, in 133 BC the consul Manius Aquillius founded the Asian province of Rome and a part of Misya was connected to this province. The Romans exploited Misya with tax and slavery for a long time and kept them under pressure. Against these people supported by the people of King Pontus VI. The movement initiated by Mithridates was successful, but it did not last long, and in 85 BC the region was completely under Roman rule again.

Due to the influence of the Peoples' Migration, M.S. In 395, the Roman Empire was divided into east and west, and Misya came under the reign of the newly established Eastern Roman Empire, namely Byzantium. A large part of Misya land was in the Opsikion Thema during the Byzantine rule. During the siege of Istanbul in 675, the Arabs attacked Misya. During the Second Siege of Istanbul in 716-718, the Arabs who had moved from the Syrian coasts had plundered the Bergama and Edremit regions.

Seljuk period

From 1015 onwards, the Seljuk Turks began to be seen in Anatolia under the rule of the Byzantine Empire. The Pasinler Battle of 1048 accelerated the Turkish invasions to Anatolia. After the Battle of Malazgirt in 1071, the Turks began to settle in Anatolia. Kutalmışoğlu Süleyman Şah founded Iznik-based Anatolian Seljuk State in 1075 four years after the Battle of Malazgirt in the vicinity of Izmit and the Marmara coast. In 1076, Sizik and Edincik, the cities of Misya, were annexed to his country. In 1081, the Turks destroyed a Byzantine unit that came to Apollonia (Gölyazı) by river. But another Byzantine unity took Sizik and Poimanenon (Manyas) back from the Turks. When Suleyman Shah was in the east in 1085, Ilhan Bey, one of his orders, recaptured Sizik, Apollonia, Poimanenon and Edincik, which had recently been removed from their hands.

Tutus, who was commissioned by his brother Melikşah after Suleiman Shah's siege of Aleppo in 1086, defeated Suleiman Shah in Ayn Seylam (Ayn Selm or Same Salem). Then the vizier Abu'l-Qasim took over the state. He became the ruler of the Marmara coast. In 1090, there was wars in the region when Alexios I sent Eufuryanis Alexaders. Although Abu'l-Qasim took Gemlik and started to build ships there, it was passed into Byzantine hands.

Kılıç Arslan I, who was the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan after Abu'l-Kasım, annexed the coasts of Marmara and the Gulf of Edremit to his country. Kılıç Arslan's father-in-law İzmir Bey Çaka Bey seized the coasts from Edremit to Abydos and Chios and Lesbos. But at a given feast, he was killed by Kılıç Arslan. Kılıç Arslan defended the region against the Crusaders who came in 1099. When Kılıç Arslan died in 1107, the Turks had to withdraw from Western Anatolia. The Byzantines, who recaptured Misya, waged war against all Turkmens on the Marmara coast. Until 1115, there was a Turkish-Byzantine conflict in the region. In 1175, some of the 100,000 tents collected in the plain of Eskişehir came to this region. In 1206, the Turkmens began to flock to the cities of Misya and the people of Byzantium left the region and settled in the region. In 1237 II. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev inspected the extremists in Misya. In the 1280s, Karesi Bey, who came from Danishmend Gazi, who would later establish Karesi Principality, came to his father Kalemşah and a large Turkmen group Misya. There are also Germiyanoğlu Yakup Bey.

Period of the Karesi Principality

Karesi Bey, also known as Kara İsa, probably seized the large Misya area except Erdek, Biga, Edremit, Bergama and Çanakkale in 1296-1297 with the support of the Germian forces. In 1306 (this date is not certain), a group of Turkmen, under the leadership of Ece Halil Thrace came to the territory of Karesi. Although Karesi Bey is said to have been succeeded by his son Aclan Bey, the identity of Aclan Bey has not yet been clarified. Demirhan Bey, who is thought to be the son of Aclan Bey, was also ruled by his brother Yahşi Bey during his reign. His other brother Dursun Bey took refuge in the Ottoman ruler Orhan Gazi. Dursun Bey said that if Orhan Gazi attacked Karesi Principality, he would give Balıkesir, Edincik and Bergama and he would only take Kızılca Tuzla and Makhram. The place called Makhram is the Tragasai Saltstone, which is called Strabon, near the west of Makhramion. Upon this proposal, Orhan Gazi came to Balıkesir with Dursun Bey. Demirhan Bey, who heard Orhan's movement, fled Balıkesir to Bergama. Here Dursun Bey was killed by an arrow from the castle. The annexation of Karesi to the Ottoman Empire was completed in 1361 with the acquisition of Çanakkale. The Umesate of Karesi helped and supported Orhan Bey's son Süleyman Gazi's transition to Rumelia after the Ottoman sovereignty.

The period of the Ottoman Empire

The withdrawal of Karesi Principality from the stage of history and its replacement to the Ottoman Principality, which is still in the stage of being a state, was an important step in terms of military and political expansion for the Ottomans who would become a powerful state in the future.

After its annexation to the Ottoman Empire, the square was built as a separate starboard and its administration was given to Süleyman Gazi. After Bayezid conquered Saruhanoğulları Principality in 1390, Yildirim Bayezid united Saruhan and Karesi and gave him to his son Ertuğrul. After a while, Saruhan and his square were separated again. In 1393, the Sanjak of Karesi was connected to the Anatolian Province, which was founded the same year. During the Ankara Battle of 1402, Karesi forces were found on the right arm of the Ottoman great army. Following the defeat, the region where Balıkesir was located was subjected to the attacks of the Timur army. Like the other principalities to which Timur gave them independence, the Karesi Principality has not experienced a period of revival.

The famine experienced throughout Anatolia was also experienced throughout Balıkesir between 1494 and 1503. From 1525 to 1527, grasshopper disaster occurred in 3 crop years. On 21 September 1577 (H. 8 Recep 985) there was a very severe earthquake in this region. In the period from 1596 to 1610, some of the nomads who migrated from east to west as a result of Celali rebellions in Anatolia came to Balıkesir region. In 1816, the Sanjak of Karesi was divided into Hüdavendigâr and Kocaeli Province, which was established by leaving Anatolia. Then, in 1841, the province of Hüdavendigâr was established with the renewal of this province was connected. Meanwhile, in 1821, the Greeks of Ayvalik participated in the Greek Rebellion. The Balıkesir Mutasarrıf then released the nomadic tribes in the region over the Greeks. The biggest one among these tribes is the Kepsut Chepni which is named Davasoğlu. Then the rebellion was suppressed.

Although a new province was established in 1845 with the merger of Karesi and Saruhan Sanjak, it was abolished in 1847 and Karesi was re-attached to Hüdavendigâr Province. In 1867, Hüdavendigâr became a province. Square, 1881-1888 was the province between. On 29 January 1898, there was a severe earthquake in Balıkesir. In 1909, Karesi became an independent starboard.

War of Independence


After World War I, the Greeks conquered İzmir on May 15, 1919. The next day, this news reached Balıkesir via telegraph. On May 17, a meeting was held in Alaca Masjid in the city of Balıkesir, and the following day, the Balıkesir Redd-i İlakak Cemiyeti (41 people) was established under the leadership of Vehbi (Bolak) Bey. On May 29, 1919, the Greek armies carried out a small landing on the sides of Ayvalık. On the dates 26-31 July and 16-22 September, I and II. Balıkesir Congresses were organized and Kuva-yi Milliye troops were established in the region. On June 22, 1920, Greek armies attacked the Soma-Akhisar front. After the collapse of this front, Greek armies captured both Balıkesir city and Bigadiç on 30 June 1920. With Erdek's liberation from the Greek occupation on 18 September 1922, Balıkesir was completely conquered by the Turks. Contrary to popular belief, the Great Attack; It ended with the liberation of Erdek, not Izmir.

Republican period

Karesi province was established in 1923 when all the banners were the province. In 1926 the name of the province was Balıkesir. On 15 November 1942, 7 earthquakes occurred in Balıkesir. As a result of this earthquake, there was a great loss of life and property. As a result of the 1980 Revolution, strict governance started in the morning on 12 September 1980 and ended on 17 July 1984 at 17.00. One of the important events in the province is the Susurluk accident. November 3, 1996 Date of Çatalceviz located in the Susurluk incident occurring in the Republic of Turkey is one of history's most important scandal. After the earthquake of August 17, 1999, Prof. Kandilli Observatory Director. Dr. When Ahmet Mete Işıkara stated that a new earthquake could happen in Marmara on August 19, the houses were evacuated in Balıkesir on the same day with the instruction of Balıkesir governor. Balikesir, Turkey has been the metropolitan 2014 after the local elections.


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